Photovoltaic masero, inozivikanwawo semaseru ezuva, yakave mutambi anokosha muchikamu chesimba rinodzorerwa.Midziyo iyi yakashandura mashandisiro atinoita simba rezuva kugadzira magetsi.Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora nyika inonakidza yephotovoltaic maserouye kuongorora kuti vanogadzira sei magetsi.
Pakati pemwoyo we photovoltaic cell pane semiconductor zvinhu, zvinowanzogadzirwa nesilicon.Kana maphoton anobva kuchiedza chezuva akarova pamusoro pesero, anofadza maerekitironi ari muchinhu chacho, zvichiita kuti aparadzane nemaatomu.Iyi nzira inonzi photovoltaic effect.
Kutora mukana weaya maerekitironi akaburitswa, mabhatiri anovakwa kuita zvidimbu zvine zvinhu zvakasiyana.Iyo yepamusoro inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakanyatsogadzirirwa kutora chiedza chezuva.Pazasi pechitubu ichi pane iyo inoshanda layer, iyo inoumbwa ne semiconductor zvinhu.Iyo yepasi, inonzi back contact layer, inobatsira kuunganidza maerekitironi nekuaendesa kunze kwesero.
Kana chiedza chezuva chapinda pamusoro pesero, chinofadza maerekitironi mumaatomu echinhu chesemiconductor.Aya maerekitironi anofara anobva akwanisa kufamba akasununguka mukati mezvinhu.Zvisinei, kuti agadzire magetsi, maerekitironi anofanirwa kuyerera achienda kwaakananga.
Apa ndipo panopinda nzvimbo yemagetsi mukati mesero.Iyo semiconductor zvinhu muchikamu chinoshanda inoputirwa netsvina kuti igadzire kusaenzana kwe electron.Izvi zvinogadzira chaji yakanaka kune rumwe rutivi rwebhatiri uye nechaji isina kunaka kune imwe.Muganhu uri pakati pematunhu maviri aya unonzi pn junction.
Kana erekitironi ichifadzwa nephoton yobva yabva paatomu rayo, inokwezvwa nedivi rine chaji yesero.Painofamba ichienda kunzvimbo iyi, inosiya "gomba" rakacheneswa panzvimbo yayo.Uku kufamba kwemaerekitironi nemaburi kunogadzira magetsi mukati mebhatiri.
Zvisinei, mumamiriro avo ekusununguka, maerekitironi haakwanisi kushandiswa kusimbisa zvigadzirwa zvekunze.Kuti dzishandise simba radzo, mameta esimbi anoiswa pamusoro nepamusoro pezvikamu zvemasero.Kana makondukita akabatanidzwa kune aya maconta, maerekitironi anoyerera nemudunhu, achigadzira magetsi.
Imwe photovoltaic cell inogadzira magetsi mashoma.Naizvozvo, maseru akawanda anobatanidzwa pamwechete kuti aumbe chikwata chikuru chinonzi solar panel kana module.Aya mapaneru anogona kubatanidzwa munhevedzano kana parallel kuwedzera voltage uye ikozvino kubuda, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nehurongwa.
Kana magetsi achinge agadzirwa, anogona kushandiswa kusimbisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemidziyo nemidziyo.Mune grid-yakasungwa sisitimu, yakawandisa magetsi anogadzirwa nesolar panels anogona kudzoserwa mugedhi, kubvisa kudiwa kwekugadzirwa kwemafuta.Mune masisitimu akamira ega, seaya anoshandiswa munzvimbo dziri kure, magetsi anogadzirwa anogona kuchengetwa mumabhatiri kuti azoshandiswa gare gare.
Photovoltaic maserokupa mhinduro yakasvibirira, inogadzika uye inogona kuvandudzwa kune zvatinoda simba.Ivo vane mukana wekudzikisa zvakanyanya kutsamira kwedu pamafuta efossil uye kudzikisira kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi.Sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichifambira mberi, tinogona kuonaphotovoltaic maserozvinova zvinonyanya kushanda uye zvakachipa, zvichivaita chikamu chakakosha chenzvimbo yedu yenguva yemberi yesimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-27-2023