Kusundidzirwa kwesimba rinodzokororwa kwakawedzera zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura nekuda kwekunetseka kuri kukura pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukosha kwekudzikisa kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse.Photovoltaic simba rekugadzira isimba rinodzokororwa sosi iro rakakwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda.Photovoltaics, anowanzonzi solar panels, shandisa chiedza chezuva uye chinochishandura kuva magetsi.Asi chii chiri nhoroondo kumashure kweiyi tekinoroji inoshamisa?
iye midzi yephotovoltaics inogona kurondwa shure kuzana remakore rechi19, apo nyanzvi yefizikisi yokuFrance Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel akawanaphotovoltaicZvakaitika muna 1839. Becquerel akawana kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinogadzira tumhepo tumagetsi pazvinoiswa pachiedza.Kunyange zvazvo kuwanikwa kwake kwaishamisa, zvakatora makumi emakore kuti vesainzi nevagadziri vaongorore zvizere kugona kwechiitiko ichi.
Nekukurumidza kumberi ku1873, uye injiniya wemagetsi weBritish Willoughby Smith akaita mupiro wakakosha kune photovoltaics.Smith akawana kuti kemikari element selenium inephotovoltaicproperties.Kuwanikwa uku kwakakonzera kugadzirwa kwekutanga selenium solar masero, ayo ainyatsoshanda pakushandura chiedza chezuva kuita magetsi.
Zvemazuvanophotovoltaicnguva yakatanga mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20 nebasa raAlbert Einstein, ane tsananguro yephotoelectric effect muna 1905 yakaisa hwaro hwedzidziso yekunzwisisa maitiro echiedza uye chizvarwa che.photovoltaicmagetsi.Zvisinei, kushandiswa kunoshanda kwezivo iyi kuchiri kure nechokwadi.
Mumakore ekuma1950 nema1960, kambani yekuAmerica yekutsvagisa nekusimudzira Bell Labs yakaisa mari yakawandaphotovoltaictsvakurudzo uye akafambira mberi zvikuru.Muna 1954, mainjiniya emurabhoritari akagadzira yekutanga inoshanda silicon-yakavakirwaphotovoltaicsero.Bhatiri rakawana simba rekushandura simba ringangoita 6%, zvichimaka budiriro huru mumunda.Tsvagiridzo yakazotevera uye hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji hwakawedzera huwandu hwekuita uye hwakadzikisa mutengo wekugadzira mumakore anotevera.
Mujaho wemuchadenga pakati peUnited States neSoviet Union munguva yeCold War wakawedzera kukurudzira kuvandudzwa kwephotovoltaickugadzirwa kwemagetsi.Nyika mbiri idzi dzinoda magetsi akareruka uye akavimbika kune masatellite avo uye spacecraft.Semagumo,photovoltaicmasero akave akakosha kumamishini emuchadenga, uye Pioneer 1, yakatangwa muna 1958, yaive yekutanga satellite kushandisa maseru ezuva kusimbisa zviridzwa zvayo.
Dambudziko remafuta muma1970 rakave catalyst yekuvandudzwa kwephotovoltaickugadzirwa kwemagetsi.Sezvo magetsi echinyakare achiva mashoma uye achidhura, hurumende nevanoongorora zvakatipoteredza vari kutendeukira kumagetsi ezuva semhinduro inobvira.Ipa rubatsiro, zvikwereti zvemitero uye mari yekutsvagisa yekusimudzira kusimudzira uye kugona kwehunyanzvi hwezuva.Nguva ino yakaona kubuda kwemakarukureta emagetsi ezuva, wachi, uye kutengeswa kwezvishandiso zvidiki.
Photovoltaickugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwaita fambiro mberi huru muzana ramakore re21 nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kuwedzera kuziva kwekukosha kwesimba rinogoneka.Mazuva ano solar panels ari kushanda nesimba uye anodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura nakare kose, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inoshanda yekugamuchirwa kwakapararira.Hurumende pasi rose dziri kuisa mari muzvirongwa zvakakura zvezuva, uye mapurazi ezuva uye kuisa solar padenga zvave zvakajairika.
Mabviro enhoroondo yephotovoltaics simbisa huchenjeri uye kutsungirira kwemasayendisiti nevagadziri mumakore apfuura.Photovoltaictekinoroji yakauya kure kure kubva pakatanga kuwanikwa kwephotovoltaicmhedzisiro pakushandiswa kunoshanda kwemasero ezuva munzvimbo.Sezvo isu tichiedza kuchinjira kune ramangwana rakagadzikana,photovoltaicspasina mubvunzo ichaita basa rakakosha mukuzadzisa zvido zvedu zvesimba tichideredza kabhoni tsoka yedu.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-30-2023